African Swine Fever: Vaccine Advancement and Major Gaps - PubMed
7 hours ago
- #African Swine Fever
- #Vaccine Development
- #Livestock Health
- ASF is a highly contagious viral disease threatening the global swine industry, with recent outbreaks worsening the situation.
- Control relies on early detection, culling, and biosecurity, highlighting the urgent need for a safe and effective vaccine.
- Various vaccine strategies have been explored since the mid-1960s, including inactivated, subunit, DNA/mRNA, vectored, and live attenuated virus vaccines.
- Inactivated vaccines fail due to poor antigen presentation and weak cellular immunity.
- Subunit vaccines targeting specific antigens show limited success, often failing to induce sterile or long-lasting immunity.
- Live attenuated virus vaccines are the most promising, eliciting robust and durable immune responses.
- Major gaps hinder vaccine development: unknown ASFV biology, host interactions, immune evasion, immunity, stable production cell lines, virulence reversion risks, and lack of harmonized safety/efficacy standards.