The Yin and Yang of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Primary Liver Cancer - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #Tumor microenvironment
- #Liver cancer immunotherapy
- #Tertiary lymphoid structures
- Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are important regulators of anti-tumor immunity and biomarkers for immunotherapy response in primary liver cancers like HCC, iCCA, and cHCC-iCCA.
- TLSs exhibit functional dualism, shaped by spatiotemporal context, cellular composition, and maturation status, challenging simple good/bad classifications.
- Key metabolic drivers (e.g., ACLY) and signaling axes (e.g., cGAS-STING/mTOR) are pivotal in TLS ontogeny and regulation within the tumor microenvironment.
- TLSs hold promise as prognostic and predictive biomarkers, especially for immune checkpoint blockade and locoregional therapies.
- Future research directions include understanding TLS 3D architecture, mechanisms for durable immunological memory, and overcoming challenges in standardization and translational applications.