Consider the Greenland Shark (2020)
5 days ago
- #marine biology
- #longevity
- #Greenland shark
- Shakespeare referenced the plague in 1606 as a Greenland shark that's still alive today swam, highlighting human transience versus animal longevity.
- In 2008, carbon-14 dating of Greenland shark eye proteins revealed they can live for centuries, with one female estimated between 272 and 512 years old.
- Greenland sharks are not visually appealing, having blunt faces, stunted fins, and parasitic worms on their eyes that cause near-blindness.
- They have a strong odor due to high urea concentrations, making them smell like urine and their fresh meat toxic, requiring fermentation to be edible as hákarl.
- These sharks are extremely slow, moving at 1.7 to 2.2 mph, with a low metabolism needing only the calories of about 1.5 chocolate digestives daily.
- They are scavengers and hunters, eating items like reindeer and polar bears that fall off ice, and a human leg was once found in a shark's stomach.
- After death, their muscles continue contracting for days, as noted by historical accounts, making them difficult to kill and handle safely.
- They prefer deep, cold ocean depths up to 2200 meters, and key aspects like mating and birth have never been observed by humans.
- Conservation status is uncertain due to their secretive lives; they were over-fished for oil, and slow reproduction (taking 150 years to breed) makes them vulnerable.
- Greenland sharks are found in cold, deep waters globally, potentially near many regions, and symbolize hope through their endurance across human crises and transformations.