Microbial SCFAs as epigenetic mediators: fine-tuning the gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative disorders - PubMed
2 days ago
- #Epigenetics
- #Neurodegenerative Diseases
- #Gut-Brain Axis
- The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS).
- Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are microbial metabolites produced from dietary fiber fermentation and act as critical signaling molecules in the gut-brain axis.
- SCFAs have neuroprotective effects, including reducing neuroinflammation, promoting neurogenesis, enhancing synaptic plasticity, and maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity.
- SCFAs influence neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's through epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone deacetylase inhibition and DNA methylation modulation.
- Butyrate, an SCFA, functions as a histone deacetylase inhibitor, altering gene expression related to neuronal survival and inflammation.
- SCFAs also impact novel histone modifications, such as lactylation, expanding their epigenetic roles.
- Potential therapeutic strategies involving SCFAs include dietary interventions, probiotics, and epigenetics-based treatments for NDs.