Personalised Nutrition in Obesity and Prediabetes: Do Genotypes Matter? - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #nutrigenetics
- #obesity
- #prediabetes
- Personalised nutrition in obesity and prediabetes explores gene-diet interactions.
- Mediterranean and DASH dietary patterns, macronutrient quality, and energy restriction are evaluated.
- Evidence supports restricting saturated fat and preserving carbohydrate quality, with effects varying by genotype.
- Healthy dietary patterns show lower risk in high polygenic-risk groups (OR~0.53) but little benefit in low-risk groups.
- TCF7L2 variants affect macronutrient thresholds (protein >18%, carbohydrate <48%) impacting visceral adiposity.
- APOA2 variants show genotype-dependent inflammation, including paradoxical increases with higher dietary antioxidant capacity.
- Challenges include underpowered interaction tests, multiplicity, and uneven ancestry representation.
- Genotype-informed nutrition yields the largest absolute risk reduction in high-risk populations.
- Clinical implementation should combine baseline diet-quality guidance with targeted strategies for genotype-specific responses.
- Future progress requires preregistered, genotype-stratified trials and locally trained polygenic scores.