Exercise biomarkers - PubMed
19 hours ago
- #Exercise Physiology
- #Endurance Training
- #Biomarkers
- The chapter discusses various biomarkers for monitoring endurance exercise effects on training adaptation, stress, recovery, and health.
- It covers biomarkers from cardiovascular, metabolic, hormonal, inflammatory, and neuromodulatory systems to understand physical activity's systemic impact.
- Key cardiovascular indicators include resting heart rate, heart rate variability, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and VO₂max for fitness and autonomic regulation.
- Emerging markers like oxidative stress, PGC-1α, and microRNAs provide insights into mitochondrial function and cellular adaptation to exercise.
- Neuromodulators such as β-endorphins, endocannabinoids, dopamine, serotonin, and BDNF are linked to the Runner's High and affect mood, perception, and pain sensitivity.
- Challenges in biomarker application include interindividual variability, timing of sampling, and practical implementation in clinical and athletic settings.
- These biomarkers offer an integrative framework for evaluating endurance training, optimizing performance, and supporting preventive health strategies.