Efficacy and Safety of Herbal Supplements with Anxiolytic, Antidepressant, and Sedative Action: A Review of Clinical Data and Toxicological Risks - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #toxicological risks
- #anxiety depression insomnia
- #herbal supplements
- Plant-based supplements like Hypericum perforatum, Passiflora incarnata, Valeriana officinalis, Piper methysticum, Withania somnifera, Crocus sativus, and Curcuma longa show anxiolytic, antidepressant, and sedative effects in clinical studies.
- Mechanisms include modulation of monoaminergic and GABAergic pathways, serotonergic activity, regulation of the HPA axis, and anti-inflammatory effects.
- Risks identified include cytochrome P450-mediated drug interactions, excessive sedation, serotonin syndrome, hepatotoxicity, cardiovascular events, and neurological disturbances from adulterated products.
- The review highlights the need for careful clinical monitoring due to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions, and stricter quality control to optimize outcomes and minimize harm.