Extracellular vesicles from TNF-α and TGF-β1-treated ADSCs promote tissue-engineered cartilage regeneration by modulating macrophages via the miR-378a-3p/SIRPα axis - PubMed
3 hours ago
- #Cartilage regeneration
- #Immunomodulation
- #Extracellular vesicles
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from TNF-α and TGF-β1-treated adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) enhance tissue-engineered cartilage regeneration.
- EVs modulate macrophage phenotypes, with TNF-α-treated EVs (α-EVs) promoting M2 polarization and TGF-β1-treated EVs (β-EVs) inhibiting macrophage proliferation and migration.
- β-EVs show stronger effects on chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation compared to α-EVs.
- In vivo, β-EVs improve ECM deposition and chondrocyte maintenance, while both EVs reduce M1 macrophage infiltration and increase M2 presence.
- miR-378a-3p is upregulated in both α-EVs and β-EVs, targeting SIRPα to regulate macrophage immune status.
- The study highlights the miR-378a-3p/SIRPα axis as a key mechanism for EVs' immunomodulatory and regenerative effects.