Functional Nanoplatforms Overcoming Immune Resistance in Skin Cancers: Targeted Immunomodulation, Immunogenic Cell Death, and Metabolic Remodeling - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #Skin Cancers
- #Nanoplatforms
- #Immune Resistance
- Skin cancers like melanoma, cSCC, and MCC show high immunogenicity but also immune evasion due to oncogenic signaling, immunosuppressive microenvironment, metabolic dysregulation, and fibrotic stroma.
- Multifunctional nanoplatforms provide a systems-level approach to overcome immune resistance by reprogramming immune checkpoints, inducing immunogenic cell death, and using energy triggers like photo-, ultrasound-, or magnetic-energy.
- These nanoplatforms remodel the tumor microenvironment by scavenging immunosuppressive metabolites, exploiting metabolic vulnerabilities, and degrading fibrotic barriers to enhance T-cell infiltration.
- Integration of computational intelligence, including AI-driven nanocarrier design and multi-omics-based patient stratification, enables adaptive therapeutic strategies.
- Advanced nanocarriers combine biomimetic delivery, stimuli-responsive activation, and energy-coupled immunomodulation to reconfigure tumor-immune interactions, showing efficacy in preclinical models.
- Clinical translation faces challenges like scalable manufacturing, managing immunotoxicity, and biomarker-guided patient selection.
- Future nano-immunotherapy aims to use adaptive platforms with liquid biopsy and computational modeling to dynamically counter resistance evolution in aggressive skin cancers.