Oncolytic bovine herpesvirus type 1 induces immune microenvironment remodeling and enhances treatment responses in multiple myeloma - PubMed
a day ago
- #oncolytic virus
- #multiple myeloma
- #immunotherapy
- Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-S), nonpathogenic to humans, efficiently infects multiple myeloma (MM) cells, inducing mitochondrial apoptosis and suppressing pro-survival pathways like MYC targets and oxidative phosphorylation.
- BoHV-1 remodels the bone marrow immune microenvironment by selectively reducing malignant plasma cells and immunosuppressive myeloid subsets while activating CD8+ T cells, NK cells, and monocytes, shifting them to a pro-inflammatory M1-like polarization.
- The virus enhances treatment responses by upregulating NK-activating ligands and downregulating MHC class I on tumor cells, increasing susceptibility to NK-mediated cytotoxicity, and boosts sensitivity to therapies like bortezomib, lenalidomide, and daratumumab through upregulation of CD38.