The Crossroads of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Review of the Interplay between Eicosanoids and Reactive Oxygen Species - PubMed
9 hours ago
- #Oxidative Stress
- #Inflammation
- #Eicosanoids
- The interplay between eicosanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a bidirectional, self-amplifying 'master switch' driving pathophysiology from inflammation to cell death.
- ROS activates cytosolic phospholipase A₂α (cPLA₂α) to release arachidonic acid (AA), while downstream enzymes (COX, LOX, CYP450) generate ROS as catalytic by-products.
- This axis is central to ferroptosis, where 15-LOX-mediated peroxidation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) serves as a lethal signal in cancer and acute kidney injury (AKI).
- Pathophysiological impacts include immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) via prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), vasoconstriction in hypertension through 20-HETE, and neurodegeneration via oxidative lipid modification.
- Emerging therapeutic strategies include precision enzymatic targeting, ROS-responsive nanomedicines, and resolution pharmacology using omega-3 PUFAs to actively terminate inflammation.
- The review highlights a shift from non-specific NSAID inhibition to precision modulation of the lipid-redox nexus to restore homeostasis.