The protective effect of blueberry anthocyanins on the intestinal barrier in pup and adult mice via the TLR4 signaling pathway - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #TLR4 signaling
- #blueberry anthocyanins
- #intestinal barrier
- Blueberry anthocyanins enhance the intestinal barrier by modulating gut microbiota in an age- and TLR4-dependent manner.
- In wild-type mice, anthocyanins increased alpha diversity in pups but decreased it in adults, and enriched beneficial Akkermansia in adults.
- Anthocyanins elevated total short-chain fatty acid levels, more so in wild-type than TLR4 knockout mice, with developmental differences in profiles like acetate absence in pups.
- They upregulated tight junction proteins and suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by IL-1β, effects lost in TLR4 knockout mice, with pups showing greater inflammatory sensitivity.
- Anthocyanins supported intestinal epithelium maturation by regulating embryonic- and adult-type genes differently, highlighting TLR4 as a key target for barrier function across life stages.