Effects of Ketogenic Diet (KD) on Metabolic, Endocrine, and Reproductive Outcomes in Overweight/Obese Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Systematic Review - PubMed
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- #PCOS
- #ketogenic diet
- #metabolic health
- The ketogenic diet (KD) shows significant short-term efficacy in improving weight, metabolic parameters, androgen excess, and reproductive function in overweight/obese women with PCOS.
- Most studies reported significant weight loss (7-13% of baseline weight) and reduced visceral adiposity.
- Marked improvements were observed in insulin sensitivity, with reductions in fasting insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR.
- Hormonal profiles improved, evidenced by decreased total and free testosterone, increased SHBG, and normalization of the LH/FSH ratio.
- Reproductive benefits included restored menstrual regularity and increased ovulation rates, though pregnancy outcomes were derived from small, uncontrolled cohorts.
- Lipid profile changes were mixed but generally favorable, and adverse events were typically mild, though adherence challenges were noted.
- The evidence is limited by study heterogeneity, short durations, and varied protocols, indicating the need for larger, long-term RCTs.