Dementia Risk in Type 1 and 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Comparison - PubMed
5 hours ago
- #type 1 diabetes
- #type 2 diabetes
- #dementia
- Diabetes is a major contributor to cognitive decline and dementia, with risk varying by diabetes type and treatment intensity.
- The study compared dementia risk among individuals with and without diabetes, using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (2013-2024).
- Participants were classified as non-diabetic, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs), T2DM with insulin, or type 1 diabetes (T1DM).
- Dementia incidence rates per 1000 person-years were highest in T1DM (21.1), followed by T2DM with insulin (17.9), T2DM with OHA (12.7), and non-diabetic (4.3).
- Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for all-cause dementia were highest for T1DM (2.35) and insulin-treated T2DM (2.14), compared to non-diabetic individuals.
- Similar trends were observed for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD).
- The study suggests that insulin-requiring diabetes represents a high-risk phenotype for cognitive decline.
- Proactive cognitive screening and optimized glycemic management, including continuous glucose monitoring, may help mitigate dementia risk in these populations.