Triangulating Associations Between Fruit Intake and Lung Cancer Risk: Evidence from GBD Estimates, Mendelian Randomization, and Real-World Validation - PubMed

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with low fruit intake potentially contributing to regional disparities.
The study used a triangulated approach combining GBD data, Mendelian randomization, and a hospital-based cohort to investigate the association between fruit intake and lung cancer risk.
GBD 2021 data analysis showed approximately 66,000 deaths and 1.44 million DALYs attributable to low-fruit diets in 2021, with the highest burden in medium-SDI regions.
Mendelian randomization supported a protective effect of genetically predicted fruit intake on lung cancer risk, though sensitivity analyses showed some inconsistency.
A Chinese hospital cohort study found higher fruit intake remained significantly protective against lung cancer after adjusting for key confounders.
The study concludes that insufficient fruit intake may increase lung cancer risk, with consistent findings across population-level, genetic, and clinical data.

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