Screening, Prognostic, and Predictive Molecular Tools for Colorectal Cancer: Recent Advances in the Classical Background - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #colorectal-cancer
- #molecular-biomarkers
- #precision-oncology
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health burden.
- Early detection and accurate risk classification are crucial for improving prognosis.
- High-throughput technologies have expanded the biomarker array for CRC screening, prognosis, and therapy prediction.
- Molecular tools include DNA mutations, methylation markers, RNA signatures, ctDNA, cfDNA, extracellular vesicles, and multi-omic assays.
- Prognostic biomarkers (e.g., RAS, BRAF, HER2 alterations, mismatch repair deficiency) help assess tumor behavior and recurrence risk.
- Predictive biomarkers (e.g., RAS/BRAF mutations, HER2 amplification, MSI-H/dMMR status) guide targeted therapies and chemotherapy response.
- Emerging technologies like multi-omics, AI-enhanced biomarker discovery, and novel liquid biopsy components (evDNA, circRNAs) are advancing precision oncology.
- Large-scale validation and clinical standardization are needed for widespread adoption of these molecular tools.