Type 2 Diabetes and Vascular Complications: Current Perspectives on Pathophysiology and Management Strategies - PubMed
4 hours ago
- #Diabetes Management
- #Vascular Complications
- #Type 2 Diabetes
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects over 537 million adults globally, with projections of 783 million by 2045.
- India contributes over 17% of global T2DM cases, significantly increasing the disease burden.
- Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress disrupts ROS balance, activating pathological pathways leading to vascular complications.
- Microvascular complications include diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and sexual dysfunction.
- Macrovascular complications increase risks of cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery disease, stroke, and heart failure.
- Management strategies include glycaemic control, lifestyle changes, and pharmacological interventions like RAAS blockers, SGLT2 inhibitors, and anti-VEGF therapies.
- Early diagnosis and targeted treatments are crucial for improving patient outcomes.