- Lifestyle interventions like improved diet, exercise, and cognitive stimulation show modest cognitive benefits but have not reduced dementia incidence.
- The Lancet Commission identifies 14 modifiable risk factors, estimating 45% of dementia cases could theoretically be prevented globally.
- Trials such as FINGER and POINTER report small statistically significant effects on cognitive tests, but critics question scalability and personal responsibility focus.
- Dementia cases are projected to rise dramatically, with growing burden in low- and middle-income countries.