- In 2025, wind and solar generated more electricity than fossil fuels in Germany for the first time, with 44% of total electricity from renewables versus 43% from fossil fuels.
- This milestone was also achieved across the EU as a whole in 2025.
- The growth is attributed to Germany's Energiewende strategy, with rapid expansion of solar and onshore wind over the past two decades.
- Germany aims for 115 GW of onshore wind by 2030, an 80% renewables share of electricity consumption by 2030, and economy-wide net-zero emissions by 2045.
- The nuclear phaseout remains politically settled, despite criticism from Chancellor Friedrich Merz, and the government has ruled out returning to conventional nuclear power.
- Coal is a bigger short-term challenge, with an official phaseout deadline of no later than 2038, but experts expect coal elimination earlier.
- The far-right AfD is mounting new opposition to renewables, while the government supports gas plants as a bridge technology, intended to convert to green hydrogen by 2045.