3 months ago
- Internal combustion engines revolutionized 19th century transportation, converting linear force into rotational motion via a crankshaft.
- A basic four-stroke engine cycle includes intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes, with two crankshaft revolutions per cycle.
- Key engine components include the engine block, crankshaft with main and rod journals, pistons with rings, and a cylinder head with valves and camshafts.
- Modern engines use fuel injection, electronic control units (ECUs), and direct injection for precise air-fuel mixture and combustion timing.
- Engine cooling, lubrication via oil passages, and timing belts ensure synchronization and longevity, while flywheels smooth torque fluctuations.