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Effect of psychotropic medications on suicide-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies - PubMed
2 months ago
- Psychiatric disorders increase suicide risk, and the impact of psychotropic medications on these outcomes is uncertain.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies involving over 6 million people from 13 countries.
- Second-generation antipsychotics like clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and zuclopenthixol reduce suicide mortality in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
- Lithium and valproic acid lower suicide risks in bipolar disorder; SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants reduce suicide mortality in depression.
- Benzodiazepines are associated with higher suicide mortality in most diagnostic categories, except depression.
- Evidence suggests varying effects of psychotropic medications on suicide-related outcomes across different psychiatric disorders.
- Observational study limitations include residual confounding, high heterogeneity, and moderate evidence quality.
Redefining evidence for teprotumumab in thyroid eye disease: an updated meta-analysis of efficacy and safety - PubMed
2 months ago
- Teprotumumab shows significant efficacy in treating Thyroid Eye Disease (TED), improving proptosis response, overall response, diplopia response, and quality of life.
- The meta-analysis included seven randomized controlled trials with 438 participants, demonstrating consistent benefits across multiple outcomes.
- Safety concerns include elevated risks of hyperglycemia, muscle spasms, dry skin, and hearing impairment, necessitating careful monitoring.
- Teprotumumab is highlighted as a pivotal therapeutic option for TED, with a strong risk-benefit profile.
Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan Versus Enalapril in the Treatment of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- Sacubitril/valsartan significantly reduces all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and heart failure rehospitalization compared to enalapril in HFrEF patients.
- Hypotension is more frequent with sacubitril/valsartan, but no significant differences were found for hyperkalemia, angioedema, worsening renal function, or LVEF.
- Sacubitril/valsartan is associated with lower NT-proBNP levels and better KCCQ scores than enalapril.
- The study included 10 RCTs and two prospective cohort studies with 11,765 patients.
- Publication bias could not be assessed due to the small number of studies (<10).
- Further research is needed to investigate the long-term safety and effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan across diverse patient populations.
Risk of cervical cancer and high-grade lesions in vulnerable women a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- Cervical cancer causes around 300,000 deaths annually, disproportionately affecting vulnerable women.
- The study estimates the risk of high-grade cervical lesions and cervical cancer among vulnerable populations in high- and upper-middle-income countries.
- Vulnerable groups include women with low socioeconomic status, migrants, prisoners, sex workers, women with substance use disorders, mental illness, and those living with HIV.
- The meta-analysis of 127 studies shows vulnerable women face higher risks of cervical cancer (RR 2.78) and high-grade lesions (RR 2.5).
- The findings support equity-focused prevention strategies to address these disparities.
Cluster of differentiation 38 monoclonal antibody therapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- CD38 monoclonal antibodies (daratumumab, isatuximab) show efficacy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM).
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 RCTs (2,821 patients) confirms improved overall response rate (ORR: RR 1.59) and progression-free survival (PFS: HR 0.50).
- Benefits consistent across subgroups (renal function, age, prior therapy lines).
- Higher rates of non-hematologic adverse events (infections, diarrhea) with CD38-targeted therapies.
- Supports integration of CD38 antibodies into MM treatment algorithms with acceptable safety profile.
Efficacy and safety of allergen-specific immunotherapy for allergic asthma: a meta-analysis comparing sublingual and subcutaneous routes across allergen types and age groups - PubMed
2 months ago
- Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is effective in improving asthma symptoms and reducing medication use.
- Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) shows greater efficacy than sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT).
- AIT is effective against both house dust mite and grass pollen allergies.
- Treatment duration and age do not significantly impact the outcomes of AIT.
- AIT improves medication scores and positively impacts FEV1.
- AIT does not increase local side effects but significantly increases systemic reactions.
Preventing Hand-Foot Syndrome in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a common dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy, especially with capecitabine, impacting patient quality of life and treatment efficacy.
- A systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated pharmacologic interventions for preventing HFS, analyzing 19 RCTs with 2192 patients.
- Topical silymarin, diclofenac, 400-mg pyridoxine, and celecoxib significantly reduced the incidence of grade 2 or higher HFS compared to placebo.
- Diclofenac and celecoxib also reduced the overall incidence of HFS, while mapisal increased the risk.
- Silymarin and diclofenac ranked highest in effectiveness, with diclofenac having the best overall supporting evidence.
- The study highlights the need for larger randomized trials to confirm the efficacy of silymarin.
The association between early-life respiratory infections and childhood asthma: a meta-analytic perspective - PubMed
2 months ago
- Early-life respiratory infections are strongly associated with childhood asthma and wheeze.
- Maternal influenza vaccination combined with viral prophylaxis reduces the risk of wheeze, asthma, and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs).
- Nutritional interventions during pregnancy and early probiotics/microbiota modulation showed no significant impact on asthma or wheeze outcomes.
- Exposure to allergens, environmental pollutants, and infant clinical factors increases the likelihood of developing asthma and allergic conditions.
- Long-term studies confirm that early-life risk factors have a lasting impact on respiratory and allergic disease development.
- Publication bias was noted in studies on viral prophylaxis, respiratory infections, and allergen exposure.
A novel oral interleukin-23 receptor antagonist peptide, icotrokinra, for moderate-to- severe plaque psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - PubMed
2 months ago
- Icotrokinra is a novel oral interleukin-23 receptor antagonist peptide for treating moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.
- The study included five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing icotrokinra with placebo, involving 1509 patients.
- Icotrokinra significantly improved outcomes such as Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scores and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) at weeks 4, 8, and 16.
- The treatment also showed efficacy in high-impact, difficult-to-treat areas like the scalp, with significant improvements in scalp-specific IGA scores.
- Safety outcomes indicated no significant difference in serious adverse events or malignancy between icotrokinra and placebo groups.
- The study concludes that icotrokinra has favorable short-term efficacy and an acceptable safety profile, supporting its potential as an oral therapeutic option.
- Long-term studies and comparative trials against current injectable biologic therapies are recommended to further evaluate icotrokinra's role in psoriasis treatment.
Prevalence of disability in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- Nearly one-third (29.6%) of IBD patients experience moderate-to-severe disability.
- Disability prevalence is higher in Crohn disease (36.9%) than ulcerative colitis (30.8%).
- Active IBD increases disability odds more than 3-fold compared to inactive disease.
- Disability persists in a substantial proportion of patients even during remission.
- The study analyzed data from 17 articles across 17 countries, involving 7897 patients.
Anticoagulation Alone or With Antiaggregation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials - PubMed
2 months ago
- Meta-analysis comparing anticoagulation alone versus anticoagulation plus antiaggregation in coronary artery disease patients.
- Focus on outcomes like bleeding, mortality, and efficacy of single vs. dual antithrombotic therapy.
- Multiple authors disclosed financial ties to pharmaceutical and medical device companies.
- Keywords include atrial fibrillation, bleeding, coronary artery disease, and oral anticoagulant.
Distinct Laboratory and Clinical Features of Metabolic and Alcohol-Related Liver Disease (MetALD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- MetALD is a newly recognized subtype of steatotic liver disease (SLD) with synergistic effects of metabolic dysfunction and alcohol consumption.
- Compared to MASLD, MetALD shows higher AST, ALT, GGT, triglycerides, HDL-C, and blood pressure, but lower BMI and HbA1c.
- Compared to ALD, MetALD has lower liver enzymes but similar metabolic parameters.
- The study analyzed 33 studies involving 7,504,674 individuals.
- Findings suggest MetALD as a distinct entity requiring further research.
The efficacy and safety of MSCs in GVHD prevention and the treatment of SR-aGVHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - PubMed
2 months ago
- MSCs significantly reduce the incidence of aGVHD and cGVHD.
- MSC therapy improves response rates in steroid-refractory aGVHD (SR-aGVHD).
- Optimal prophylactic outcomes were observed with a dose range of 1 × 10^6 to < 4 × 10^6 cells/kg.
- MSC infusion resulted in higher remission rates for severe SR-aGVHD compared to conventional treatments.
- The study is based on a meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
The prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molars among individuals aged 6-18 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from Asia, Europe, Africa, and Latin America - PubMed
2 months ago
- Systematic review and meta-analysis on dental caries prevalence in first permanent molars among 6-18 year olds.
- Study covers regions: Asia, Europe, Africa, and Latin America.
- No competing interests declared by the authors.
- References include studies on dental caries in children from various global contexts.
- Highlights the global public health challenge posed by oral diseases.
Assessment of survival benefit from sentinel node biopsy for melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for melanoma patients shows a significant reduction in the risk of death from melanoma.
- Meta-analysis of 13 studies (40,287 participants) found a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.86 (95% CI 0.81-0.92, p<0.0001) for reduced risk of death from melanoma with SNB.
- Five studies (27,540 participants) reported a 5-year risk of death from melanoma with HR 0.84 (95% CI 0.78-0.90, p<0.0001).
- Two studies reported a 10-year risk of death from melanoma with HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.71-1.06, p=0.17) but with greater heterogeneity (I² 41%).
- Nine studies (11,625 participants) showed a reduced risk of recurrence with HR 0.71 (95% CI 0.66-0.76, p<0.0001).
- The findings are consistent with the only published randomized controlled trial, indicating true survival and recurrence benefits from SNB.
- The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD4203494674) and involved searches of Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Conflict of interest disclosures include honoraria, research grants, and advisory board participation from various pharmaceutical companies.
Serological and faecal markers of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- IBS has biological signatures in immune, microbiome, and enteric nervous systems, but lacks clear biomarkers for diagnosis.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis identified serum and fecal markers distinguishing IBS from healthy controls and organic diseases.
- Top serum discriminators for IBS vs. healthy controls: TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ.
- Fecal calprotectin was higher in IBS patients compared to controls, but lower than in organic diseases.
- Serum albumin and fecal calprotectin effectively differentiated IBS from organic diseases.
- IBS-D subtype distinguished by lower serum albumin and higher IL-6 levels compared to controls.
- Increased peripheral cytokine levels in IBS suggest epithelial permeability and potential for subgroup differentiation.
- Study highlights biological signatures in IBS that could aid clinical diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms.
Current treatment for erectile dysfunction: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses - PubMed
2 months ago
- This umbrella review evaluates the effectiveness of current treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) and assesses the quality of evidence.
- The review analyzed 23 meta-analyses from 1191 studies, focusing on outcomes like IIEF, IIEF-5, IIEF-EF, and EHS.
- Most meta-analyses were of low or critically low quality, with only a few rated as moderate or high quality.
- Despite statistically significant improvements in ED with various treatments, the evidence base is largely unreliable due to small sample sizes and subjective outcomes.
- The study highlights the need for more high-quality research and meta-analyses to compare treatments effectively.
Fecal microbiota transplantation in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2020-2025) - PubMed
2 months ago
- Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a therapeutic strategy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD).
- A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of FMT in IBD, analyzing RCTs published between 2020 and 2025.
- FMT showed significantly higher rates of clinical remission (OR = 3.24, 95% CI 1.43-7.41, p = 0.005) and endoscopic improvement (OR = 6.80, 95% CI 2.96-15.63, p < 0.0001) compared to controls.
- Serious adverse events were more common in FMT arms but not statistically significant (OR ~ 2.05, 95% CI 0.72-5.81, p = 0.18).
- Evidence for maintenance of remission was limited and inconsistent.
- FMT is effective for IBD, especially UC, but long-term efficacy and safety require further study through larger, well-designed RCTs.
Active Surveillance for Locoregional Recurrent Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- Active surveillance (AS) is a proposed management option for recurrent thyroid cancer but has limited evidence due to retrospective studies and small sample sizes.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 retrospective studies (n=841) was conducted to estimate disease progression during AS for recurrent thyroid cancers.
- The pooled mean follow-up duration was 51.6 months, with an overall pooled progression rate of 23%, higher in biopsy-confirmed cases (32%).
- Progression rates were higher in studies with <40 months mean follow-up (36%) compared to ≥40 months (17%).
- Higher baseline serum thyroglobulin levels and advanced tumor stage (Stage IV) were associated with increased progression rates.
- Adjustment for follow-up loss increased estimated progression rates to 35-70%, suggesting current rates may be underestimated.
- AS should be considered cautiously, especially in patients with elevated thyroglobulin levels or advanced tumor stage, who may need closer monitoring.
Suzetrigine (a NaV1.8 inhibitor) versus placebo for acute postoperative pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - PubMed
2 months ago
- Suzetrigine, a NaV1.8 inhibitor, was compared to placebo for acute postoperative pain in a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- The study included 1,584 participants (1,009 on suzetrigine, 575 on placebo) with a mean age of 44.9 years, predominantly women (92.3%).
- Suzetrigine significantly reduced pain at 24 hours (mean difference = -0.93) and 48 hours (mean difference = -1.02) compared to placebo.
- Subgroup analyses showed consistent benefits across different surgery types (abdominoplasty and bunionectomy).
- Adverse events like nausea and dizziness were less frequent in the suzetrigine group, with no significant differences in headache, vomiting, or constipation.
- Risk of bias was low in two studies and raised some concerns in two others.
- The study concluded that suzetrigine modestly reduces postoperative pain but could not assess opioid-sparing effects due to inconsistent reporting of opioid consumption.

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#meta-analysis

Effect of psychotropic medications on suicide-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies - PubMed

Redefining evidence for teprotumumab in thyroid eye disease: an updated meta-analysis of efficacy and safety - PubMed

Efficacy and Safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan Versus Enalapril in the Treatment of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed

Risk of cervical cancer and high-grade lesions in vulnerable women a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed

Cluster of differentiation 38 monoclonal antibody therapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed

Efficacy and safety of allergen-specific immunotherapy for allergic asthma: a meta-analysis comparing sublingual and subcutaneous routes across allergen types and age groups - PubMed

Preventing Hand-Foot Syndrome in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis - PubMed

The association between early-life respiratory infections and childhood asthma: a meta-analytic perspective - PubMed

A novel oral interleukin-23 receptor antagonist peptide, icotrokinra, for moderate-to- severe plaque psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - PubMed

Prevalence of disability in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed

Anticoagulation Alone or With Antiaggregation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials - PubMed

Distinct Laboratory and Clinical Features of Metabolic and Alcohol-Related Liver Disease (MetALD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed

The efficacy and safety of MSCs in GVHD prevention and the treatment of SR-aGVHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - PubMed

The prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molars among individuals aged 6-18 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from Asia, Europe, Africa, and Latin America - PubMed

Assessment of survival benefit from sentinel node biopsy for melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed

Serological and faecal markers of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed

Current treatment for erectile dysfunction: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses - PubMed

Fecal microbiota transplantation in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2020-2025) - PubMed

Active Surveillance for Locoregional Recurrent Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - PubMed

Suzetrigine (a NaV1.8 inhibitor) versus placebo for acute postoperative pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - PubMed