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CagriSema Versus Semaglutide Monotherapy or Placebo for Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with GRADE Assessment - PubMed
2 months ago
- CagriSema, a dual therapy combining semaglutide with cagrilintide, was compared to semaglutide monotherapy or placebo in obesity treatment.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis included 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 4,419 participants (3,055 on CagriSema, 1,364 controls).
- CagriSema significantly reduced percent weight loss (Cohen's d: -1.38; 95% CI: -1.84 to -0.91) and showed greater absolute weight loss (-11 kg), waist circumference reduction (-9.41 cm), and systolic blood pressure decrease (-7.06 mmHg).
- Gastrointestinal adverse events were more frequent with CagriSema (RR: 1.32).
- CagriSema achieved superior weight reduction compared to semaglutide or placebo but requires careful tolerability monitoring and longer-term data.
Efficacy of different types of intermittent fasting in improving glycemic control in adults with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis - PubMed
2 months ago
- Systematic review and network meta-analysis on intermittent fasting's efficacy for glycemic control in overweight/obese adults.
- Focuses on different intermittent fasting types, including alternate day fasting and time-restricted eating.
- Key outcomes measured include HbA1c levels and insulin resistance.
- Authors declare no competing interests in the study.
- References WHO data on obesity and diabetes, highlighting global health concerns.
Combined Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1RA) and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor (SGLT2i) Therapy to Restore Fertility in Patients With Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and
2 months ago
- Combined GLP-1RA and SGLT2i therapy was used to restore fertility in obese women with PCOS and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
- Two case studies showed significant weight loss (23% and 10.2%) leading to menstrual normalization and spontaneous conception within seven months.
- Medications were discontinued upon pregnancy confirmation, resulting in uncomplicated pregnancies and healthy live births.
- Early combination therapy may expedite spontaneous conception in high-risk populations, though safety profiles for embryotoxicity require further study.
- Current clinical standards recommend transitioning to metformin and/or insulin before planning pregnancy until more safety data is available.
Lipedema and obesity: A narrative review and treatment protocol - PubMed
2 months ago
- Lipedema is a chronic condition primarily affecting women, characterized by abnormal fat accumulation in the lower extremities.
- It is often misdiagnosed as obesity or lymphedema, leading to ineffective treatments like weight loss programs and bariatric surgery.
- Lipedema is thought to be hormonally driven, often manifesting during puberty, pregnancy, or menopause.
- Effective management includes conservative measures and surgical options like liposuction and bariatric surgery.
- Early recognition and a tailored treatment strategy are crucial for patients with both lipedema and obesity.
- Future research is needed to assess the effectiveness of different treatment regimens.
Microbes, mood, and metabolism/obesity: Pharmacological insights into the gut-obesity-depression triad - PubMed
2 months ago
- Explores the relationship between gut microbiota, obesity, and depression.
- Highlights the role of the gut-brain axis in metabolic and mood disorders.
- Discusses pharmacological interventions like GLP-1 receptor agonists and psychobiotics.
- References studies on microbial dysbiosis and its impact on neurobehavioral changes.
- Mentions the influence of gut microbiota on inflammation and CNS diseases.
Retatrutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: an overview - PubMed
2 months ago
- Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a novel triple agonist targeting GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R.
- In T2DM patients, it reduces HbA1c by up to 2.16% and fasting glucose by up to 69.1 mg/dL.
- Weight loss up to 16.94% in T2DM patients and up to 26.56% (24.15 kg) in overweight/obese patients.
- Reductions in BMI, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure observed.
- Liver fat reduced by up to 86% in patients with MASLD.
- Mild-to-moderate gastrointestinal adverse events reported at higher doses.
Joint TOS/OMA/OAC Expert Guidance Statement on the Pharmacological Management of United States Adults With Overweight or Obesity Using the GRADE Approach - PubMed
2 months ago
- Obesity affects over 40% of US adults, with severe obesity increasing.
- Obesity is underdiagnosed and undertreated despite being a chronic disease.
- Barriers to treatment include socioeconomic disparities, limited clinician training, stigma, and restrictive reimbursement policies.
- FDA-approved obesity medications offer significant health benefits but are underutilized.
- A multidisciplinary panel used the GRADE approach to develop evidence-based guidance on obesity medications.
- Strong recommendations were made for bupropion-naltrexone, semaglutide, tirzepatide, and setmelanotide.
- Conditional recommendations were provided for other medications and specific obesity complications.
- Continuing obesity medications during weight maintenance received a strong recommendation.
- Expanding access, reducing stigma, and ensuring equitable coverage are essential for effective obesity care.
- Future priorities include improving affordability, addressing research gaps, and updating guidance as evidence evolves.
Population attributable fraction of modifiable risk factors for incident hypertension: an analysis of large-scale epidemiological cohort - PubMed
2 months ago
- The study analyzed 1,069,948 participants from the DeSC database to evaluate modifiable risk factors for incident hypertension.
- Obesity had the highest population attributable fraction (PAF) at 6.36%, followed by sleep disorders (4.11%) and current smoking (3.39%).
- PAF for obesity decreased with age, being highest among individuals aged <40 years (15.10%) and lowest among those aged ≥65 years (3.70%).
- Men showed a higher PAF for obesity (7.93%) compared to women (5.02%).
- The total PAF for all modifiable risk factors was more significant in younger adults and men.
- The findings highlight obesity as the largest modifiable contributor to hypertension in the Japanese population.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon Receptor Agonists on Metabolic Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials - PubMed
2 months ago
- Glucagon receptor agonists (GRAs) are emerging therapies for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
- Retatrutide showed the greatest weight reduction (-13.44 kg) compared to placebo.
- Survodutide and mazdutide also demonstrated significant weight loss effects.
- Cotadutide had the smallest and nonsignificant effect on weight reduction.
- Retatrutide was most effective in reducing HbA1c, followed by survodutide, mazdutide, and cotadutide.
- Mazdutide had the best tolerability profile, while retatrutide and cotadutide had lower tolerability.
- Retatrutide and survodutide show the most favorable efficacy for obesity and type 2 diabetes with acceptable safety.
Obesity and Cancer: A Translational Science Review - PubMed
2 months ago
- Obesity is linked to increased risk of several cancers, including endometrial, breast, and liver cancers.
- Overweight and obesity contribute to about 10% of new cancer diagnoses annually in the US, with higher rates for certain cancers like endometrial cancer.
- Adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity leads to inflammation, altered hormone levels, and oxidative stress, promoting cancer development.
- Obesity-associated inflammation involves elevated cytokines and prostaglandins, which can stimulate tumor growth and suppress immune responses.
- Gut microbiome changes in obesity, such as reduced Akkermansia muciniphila, may further contribute to cancer risk.
- Weight loss, especially more than 10%, may reduce cancer risk by mitigating obesity-related metabolic and inflammatory effects.
Brain Amylin Signaling, Feeding, and Reward - PubMed
2 months ago
- Obesity is a costly and prevalent disease requiring new treatment approaches.
- Amylin, a pancreatic hormone, shows promise for obesity pharmacotherapies by suppressing feeding and body weight through brain actions.
- Initially, research focused on amylin's hindbrain sites, but recent studies highlight its influence on food intake and reward in mesolimbic structures.
- Amylin signaling affects both palatable food intake and other reinforcing stimuli like drugs of abuse.
- Amylin-based pharmacotherapies' broad effects should be considered in developing new obesity medications.
- Studies suggest synergistic effects of combining GLP-1 and amylin receptor agonists in reducing alcohol intake in rats.
Hyperinsulinaemia as a cause of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases - PubMed
2 months ago
- Hyperinsulinaemia is explored as a potential independent contributor to obesity and cardiometabolic diseases.
- The review distinguishes between postprandial insulin excursions and chronically elevated basal insulin levels.
- Chronic exposure to elevated insulin levels may promote or exacerbate adiposity development.
- Contributors to hyperinsulinaemia include genetic predisposition, early-life influences, diet, environmental pollutants, and physical inactivity.
- The article highlights causality knowledge gaps relevant to obesity and cardiometabolic disease prevention.
Effects of testosterone undecanoate as add-on therapy in obese hypogonadal men that are late responders to tirzepatide: a pilot study - PubMed
2 months ago
- Testosterone undecanoate (TRT) was studied as an add-on therapy to tirzepatide in obese hypogonadal men who were late responders to tirzepatide.
- The study involved 10 obese men with functional secondary hypogonadism and less than 5% total body weight loss after ≥3 months of tirzepatide treatment.
- Participants were divided into two groups: Group A (tirzepatide monotherapy) and Group B (tirzepatide plus testosterone undecanoate).
- After 6 months, Group B showed significantly greater weight and fat mass reduction compared to Group A.
- Group B also achieved significant lean body mass (LBM) recovery, while Group A experienced progressive LBM loss.
- Group B demonstrated restored testosterone levels, improved insulin sensitivity, and better sexual health (IIEF-5 scores).
- Physical activity levels nearly doubled in Group B, suggesting increased exercise motivation due to hormonal restoration.
- The study concludes that adding TRT to tirzepatide in late responders may optimize weight loss, prevent muscle depletion, and improve metabolic and sexual health.
Association of Tirzepatide With Kidney Parameters in Participants With Obesity and Prediabetes From SURMOUNT-1 Over 176 Weeks - PubMed
2 months ago
- Study examines the association of Tirzepatide with kidney parameters in participants with obesity and prediabetes over 176 weeks.
- References include studies on chronic kidney disease incidence in prediabetes, Tirzepatide's role in obesity treatment and diabetes prevention, and its effects on kidney parameters.
- Key topics include GLP-1, obesity care, type 2 diabetes, and weight management.
- Published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism with DOI: 10.1111/dom.70622.
Trends and projections of overweight and obesity among midlife women in the United States, 1990-2050: A sub‑study of the Global Burden of Disease 2021 - PubMed
2 months ago
- Overweight and obesity prevalence among U.S. women aged 40-64 increased from 49.2% in 1990 to 74.2% in 2021, projected to reach 83.4% by 2050.
- State variations exist, with Mississippi having the highest obesity rate (82.8%) and Colorado the lowest (68.3%) in 2021.
- Menopause-related hormonal changes contribute to increased visceral fat and insulin resistance, raising cardiometabolic risks.
- Preventive strategies and policies promoting physical activity and healthy diet are critical to mitigate future increases.
- New medications like GLP-1 receptor agonists show promise for weight reduction but face accessibility and affordability challenges.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Versus Bariatric Surgery: Effects of Weight Loss and BMI on Subsequent General Surgical Procedures - PubMed
2 months ago
- Obesity and T2DM increase postoperative risks, including higher surgical site infections and complications.
- Study compares weight loss interventions: metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) and GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA).
- MBS leads to greater BMI reduction than GLP-1RA (-9.89 mean difference).
- Higher BMI at surgery correlates with increased complications and longer hospital stays.
- MBS associated with lower complication odds (OR: 0.87).
- Supports preoperative weight loss to mitigate surgical risks.
Deciphering the causal influence of BMI and related metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular factors on brain structure: a Mendelian Randomization Study - PubMed
2 months ago
- Obesity is a prevalent metabolic risk factor associated with metabolic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory abnormalities.
- Obesity affects brain physiology and increases the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders like major depression and dementia.
- Previous research shows overlapping brain structural alterations in obesity and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly lower cortical thickness in the frontal and temporal cortex.
- The study uses Mendelian randomization (MR) to clarify the causal relationship between BMI and brain structure.
- Findings suggest a causal influence of elevated BMI on lower cortical thickness, especially in the precentral and fusiform gyrus.
- Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the inflammatory marker CRP also show nominal associations with lower cortical thickness.
- Blood pressure and metabolic serum markers show very few associations with cortical thickness.
- Future research should explore how BMI-related brain structural decline increases the risk for neuropsychiatric disorders.
Obesity Treatments and Weight Changes in Clinical Practice After Discontinuation of Semaglutide or Tirzepatide - PubMed
2 months ago
- Study examines obesity treatments and weight changes after discontinuing semaglutide or tirzepatide.
- Retrospective cohort study using electronic health records from 2021 to 2025 in Ohio and Florida.
- 7938 patients included, with mean age 55.7 years; 63.8% female.
- 19.6% restarted the original medication, 35.2% received alternative treatments post-discontinuation.
- Mean weight change: -8.4% (obesity) and -4.4% (T2D) from baseline to discontinuation.
- Post-discontinuation weight change: +0.5% (obesity) and -1.3% (T2D) after one year.
- Significant individual variability observed in weight changes post-discontinuation.
Young adulthood adiposity in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective study of 0.5 million Chinese adults - PubMed
2 months ago
- Study examines the relationship between young adulthood BMI (BMI25) and mortality in later life among Chinese adults.
- Data from 430,373 participants in the China Kadoorie Biobank study, with a median follow-up of 12 years, was analyzed.
- Higher BMI25 was associated with increased risks of all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer, and respiratory mortality.
- Obese individuals (BMI25 ≥28.0 kg/m²) had significantly higher hazard ratios (HRs) compared to those with BMI25 of 18.5-20.0 kg/m².
- The association between BMI25 and cancer mortality was more pronounced in men than women.
- Findings emphasize the importance of early body weight control to prevent premature death.
Immune cells regulate circulating adipocyte extracellular vesicle levels in response to metabolic shifts - PubMed
2 months ago
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of inter-organ signaling and linked to obesity and related diseases.
- New flow cytometry technologies enable study of adipocyte-derived EVs (adipoEVs) and their regulation.
- Tissue-resident immune cells, especially macrophages, clear EVs, influencing circulating EV levels.
- Obesity reduces EV uptake by adipose tissue immune cells, increasing circulating adipoEVs and decreasing clearance rates.
- Immune cells act as gatekeepers for tissue EV entry into circulation, regulating inter-organ EV signaling.

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#obesity

CagriSema Versus Semaglutide Monotherapy or Placebo for Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials with GRADE Assessment - PubMed

Efficacy of different types of intermittent fasting in improving glycemic control in adults with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis - PubMed

Combined Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1RA) and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor (SGLT2i) Therapy to Restore Fertility in Patients With Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and

Lipedema and obesity: A narrative review and treatment protocol - PubMed

Microbes, mood, and metabolism/obesity: Pharmacological insights into the gut-obesity-depression triad - PubMed

Retatrutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: an overview - PubMed

Joint TOS/OMA/OAC Expert Guidance Statement on the Pharmacological Management of United States Adults With Overweight or Obesity Using the GRADE Approach - PubMed

Population attributable fraction of modifiable risk factors for incident hypertension: an analysis of large-scale epidemiological cohort - PubMed

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon Receptor Agonists on Metabolic Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials - PubMed

Obesity and Cancer: A Translational Science Review - PubMed

Brain Amylin Signaling, Feeding, and Reward - PubMed

Hyperinsulinaemia as a cause of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases - PubMed

Effects of testosterone undecanoate as add-on therapy in obese hypogonadal men that are late responders to tirzepatide: a pilot study - PubMed

Association of Tirzepatide With Kidney Parameters in Participants With Obesity and Prediabetes From SURMOUNT-1 Over 176 Weeks - PubMed

Trends and projections of overweight and obesity among midlife women in the United States, 1990-2050: A sub‑study of the Global Burden of Disease 2021 - PubMed

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Versus Bariatric Surgery: Effects of Weight Loss and BMI on Subsequent General Surgical Procedures - PubMed

Deciphering the causal influence of BMI and related metabolic, inflammatory, and cardiovascular factors on brain structure: a Mendelian Randomization Study - PubMed

Obesity Treatments and Weight Changes in Clinical Practice After Discontinuation of Semaglutide or Tirzepatide - PubMed

Young adulthood adiposity in relation to all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective study of 0.5 million Chinese adults - PubMed

Immune cells regulate circulating adipocyte extracellular vesicle levels in response to metabolic shifts - PubMed